The article focuses on the issue of Poland`s foreign policy and presents analysis of the "Treaty of Good Neighborliness and friendly Cooperation", which Germany signed with Poland in 1991. In the context of its main provisions the author pays attention to issue of Polish-German relationship as a key factor of European security. Some articles of the Treaty have a particular importance for actual relationship of two countries. The part of issues is still unsolved. The key problem is the different views of Poland and Germany on security policy in European region, the concept of European integration and relation with USA.