The paper is an attempt to set approaches in order to create a collective bioraphy of the Russian diplomatic representatives in the Holy Roman Empire during the reign of Catherine II. The choice of a research object is stipulated by the intensive connections between Russia and German states in the field of policy, science and culture, as well as by an increasing interest in the processes of intercultural communication, including political, in which diplomats played an important role. The Russian material conformably to the above mentioned problems has not been systematically studied till now.