The article discusses the transformation of social characteristics of non-classical science in comparison with the social status of classical science. The author shows that the practical usage of scientific knowledge requires the implementation of technological form; and this applies to all major sub-systems of science. Technical sciences that invent ways of application of the laws of nature to different spheres of human activity rapidly develops exactly in non-classical period. Today, the practical usage of science is expanded to a planetary scale. Distinguishing feature of the worldview function of non-classical science is related to the displacement of speculative natural-philosophical constructions and ideas, when the representation of the fundamental properties of the world itself becomes a scientific picture of this world; and the scientific worldview begins to be introduced in the school system. Today one could observe politicization of science. Science takes on features of a social institution, which essentially requires autonomy. However, in reality modern science becomes a tool of manipulation in both foreign and domestic policy. The through science to affect the fate of all humankind opportunity makes scientists to face ethical problems arising from situations of choosing between good and evil. Various mechanisms for international cooperation quickly arose in the first half of the 20-th century. The social status of the human agent of science changes significantly.