18.97.14.89
Georgian Marxists between Classism, Nationalism and Westernism
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UDC
93/94 История
Date of publication
15.12.2024
Public year
2024
DOI
10.18254/S207987840033517-7
Georgian Marxists between Classism, Nationalism and Westernism
Annotation

The article is devoted to the experience of the Social Democrats in power in the Georgian Democratic Republic in 1918—1921. Arguing both with too categorical criticism and with the apology of the Georgian social democratic experiment, the author concludes that against the background of revolutionary upheavals and civil wars in the territory of the former Russian Empire, the Georgian Democratic Republic (GDR) demonstrated significant political stability, the preservation of limited political pluralism and not the worst socio-economic indicators, successfully she carried out agrarian reform and state regulation of socio-economic relations in industry, which restrained the decline in production, and in some industries, which ensured its growth. Criticizing the Bolsheviks from orthodox Marxist positions, the leader of the Georgian Mensheviks N. Zhordania stated that the Social Democrats themselves could not pursue a proletarian policy, just as the Bolsheviks did the bourgeois revolution without the bourgeoisie. But, unlike the Bolsheviks, the interests of the ruling circles of the GDR turned out to be not socio-modernization, but national-state and cultural-educational aspects. According to the author, a Westernized nationalist intelligentsia came to power in Georgia, which did not have time to transform into a technocracy, bureaucracy or bourgeoisie. Paying tribute to social policy, she sought to create a state space for Georgian culture, which is developing as a European one and is closely linked to the Western-centric world.

About authors
Aleksander Shubin
Senior Research Fellow of the Institute of World History. Professor of State Academic University for Humanities and Russian State University for the Humanities
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