The article deals with the analysis of connections existing between the modern methodology of history and the practice of historical researches. The role of modern non-classical paradigm consisting in the study of place-temporal tendencies is shown. The attention is given to the analysis of modern linguistic turn and its connection with the study of historical sources. Considerable place is given to the characteristic of historical axiology. The article includes the number of questions relating to the application of mathematical methods in the study of space-temporal historical tendencies. The role of induction in historical science is consid-ered.