This Chapter is devoted to the main trends of the religious life in the New and Newest times: the formation of the secular state, the secularization of public thought and culture, other modern trends in the life of the world's religions (the emergence of the Orthodox Diaspora, the strengthening role of the laity in the life of various Christian denominations, the Ecumenical movement and the emergence of international religious organizations). The new phenomenon in the functioning of the religion is also described — namely the new religious organization.