This Chapter deals with the emergence of the two largest religions of Russia — Christianity and Islam; it discusses the religious context of the emergence of both religions. In the section devoted to Christianity, the Gospel is described as well as the main aspects of the message of Jesus Christ and the history of the Christian Church in I—III centuries. In the section on Islam, the life of Muhammad is described and the spread of Islam in Arabia and abroad, the content of the Qur'an and the main features of the faith of Islam.