This article reviews the forming of the liberal views of Decembrist Nikolai Ivanovich Turgenev, one of the ideologist and one of the leaders of "Union of Welfare" and "Northern Society", based upon documentary material and his book "Russia and Russians". Under the influence of the Patriotic War 1812 and the foreign military campaigns of 1813–1814. Special emphasis given to he identification of this influence on his constitutional projects regarding the reformation of Russia based upon the doctrine of Benjamin Constant on constitutionalism and also bringing into focus the connection to the liberal program of N.I. Turgenev on the abolishment of serfdom and limitation of the autocracy. The author of this article expresses his belief in the timeliness of the new comprehensive study of the liberal concept of N.I.Turgenev. Which is outlined in his book "Russia and Russians" in order to specify his contribution to the Russian liberal idea during the period which was the start of the modernization of the state structure in Russia in the second part of the nineteenth century.