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U.S. livestock the efficiency problem
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33 Экономика. Народное хозяйство. Экономические науки
93/94 История
32 Политика
Date of publication
05.08.2019
Public year
2019
DOI
10.18254/S207054760006016-4
U.S. livestock the efficiency problem
Annotation

The current state of the market for livestock products in the USA is notable for its saturation with the main types of meat (beef, pork, poultry), milk and eggs. This allows not only to fully satisfy the population of the country with these types of products, but also to occupy a leading position in international trade, which is an important factor in the stability of the agricultural sector. Production of milk, broilers, eggs, pork has become industrialized, as evidenced by the scale of production, the use of modern technical and technological developments, the keeping of animals in rooms with a controlled microclimate, the development of vertical integration.  The rearing and fattening of young stock is carried out on large feedlot. About 80% of fattening livestock comes from sites with a capacity of more than 1000 heads, where they use only hired labor and purchased feed. Livestock country has a high level of productivity. Thus, broilers reach a mass of 2.5 kg in 39 days, spending 1.6 kg of feed per 1 kg of gain. The yield per sow per year exceeds 2 tons. The productivity of cows reached 10.5 thousand kg of milk per year with a fat content of 3.78%. The process of consolidation of farms and their specialization continues.  The question is raised about the optimal size of industrial enterprises, along with the functioning of small farms necessary for the stability of agricultural production and the preservation of rural settlements.

 

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References

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