The main preoccupation of rural poor communities in Tanzania is the availability of year-round household food security to all family members. Shortages of food have become a recurring phenomenon especially in areas receiving poor rainfall. Food allocations are frequently provided to help starving families. Sporadic droughts and disregard for husbandry of drought-resistant crops are major causes of hunger. A down-to-earth household food security program, known as ONJAMA (“ Ondoa Njaa Masasi,” or simply “Eradication of Hunger in Masasi district”) was introduced and carried out in Masasi district of southern Tanzania, which in practical terms, was the locus of a successful locally-organized and self-reliant household food security program that received fame in the country and abroad.