The subject of study of modern sociology has increasingly become a new social reality associated with the issue of sex and gender. The article presents author’s materials of comparative sociological research. The main aim of the study was to analyze complex process of becoming of gender education in the universities of St. Petersburg and Kiev. An empirical study was conducted based on content analysis, expert interviews and a questionnaire survey. On the basis of the results obtained from the questionnaire survey, we can draw following conclusions: teachers, reading courses, consider that they meet the needs of students to receive a modern education. Among students who attended training courses on gender issues, number of interested students prevailed over the number of disinterested. Among the topics that caused the students more interest attracted themes of practical orientation: the problems of workfamily balance, gender roles, house-work, sexuality, gender inequality in the labour market, gender and education. Special attention is paid to the process of formation and development of gender studies and gender sociology at St. Petersburg state University. However, the process of gender mainstreaming, gender studies, sociology of gender in the context of sociological education has, overall, positive, but also contradictory, complex dynamics. There are problems associated with the lack of a coherent long-term state policy in the field of gender education and enlightenment. Insufficiently is developed theoretical and methodological base, there are no state educational standards for programs for gender studies and gender sociology as academic disciplines.